HIV-2

HIV-2 is a less common type of human immunodeficiency virus. Like HIV-1, it affects immune cells and can lead to immune suppression over time, but it is generally associated with slower disease progression. HIV-2 remains clinically significant and requires accurate diagnostic confirmation and medical monitoring.

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Description

What is HIV-2?

HIV-2 is a type of HIV that infects the immune system in a similar way to HIV-1. In many individuals, HIV-2 progresses more slowly, and viral levels in the blood may be lower compared to HIV-1, especially earlier in infection. Despite this, HIV-2 can still lead to serious immune deficiency if left untreated.

How is HIV-2 transmitted?

HIV-2 is transmitted through the same types of bodily fluids and exposure routes as HIV-1 (including sexual contact, blood exposure, and mother-to-child transmission). Overall, HIV-2 is generally considered less easily transmitted than HIV-1, but transmission can still occur.

Window period and testing timing

As with HIV-1, antibodies to HIV-2 may not be detectable immediately after exposure. Testing too early can produce a negative result during the window period. If there is ongoing concern, follow-up testing at the appropriate time is recommended.

Why is it important to differentiate between HIV-1 and HIV-2?

HIV-1 and HIV-2 differ biologically, and clinical management may also vary. This is why confirmatory laboratory testing is important following any positive screening result.

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Content
What is HIV-2?
How is HIV-2 transmitted?
Window period and testing timing
Why is it important to differentiate between HIV-1 and HIV-2?
What is HIV-2?
How is HIV-2 transmitted?
Window period and testing timing
Why is it important to differentiate between HIV-1 and HIV-2?
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